F-320 (A): Termodinâmica
Período noturno, primeiro semestre de 2026
Prof. Mário Noboru Tamashiro, ramal: 3521-5339, e-mail: mtamash@ifi.unicamp.br
Departamento de Física Aplicada, sala 7 (andar inferior) do prédio A-5
Aulas nas salas CB-07 às segundas-feiras (19h-21h) e CB-08 às quartas-feiras (21h-23h)
Comentários sobre a Termodinâmica
Vladimir Igorevich Arnold:
“Every mathematician knows it is impossible to understand an elementary course in thermodynamics.”
Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld:
“Thermodynamics is a funny subject. The first time you go through it, you don't understand it at all. The second time you go through it, you think you understand it, except for one or two small points. The third time you go through it, you know you don't understand it, but by that time you are so used to it, it doesn't bother you anymore.”
John von Neumann:
“You should call it entropy, because nobody knows what entropy really is, so in a debate you will always have the advantage.”
Yoichiro Nambu:
“I couldn't understand entropy and flunked thermodynamics.”
Martin Goldstein & Inge F. Goldstein:
“Thermodynamics has something to say about everything but does not tell us everything about anything.”
Josiah Willard Gibbs:
“Any method involving the notion of entropy, the very existence of which depends on the second law of thermodynamics, will doubtless seem to many far-fetched, and may repel beginners as obscure and difficult of comprehension.”
“The laws of thermodynamics, as empirically determined, express the approximate and probable behavior of systems of a great number of particles, or, more precisely, they express the laws of mechanics for such systems as they appear to beings who have not the fineness of perception to enable them to appreciate quantities of the order of magnitude of those which relate to single particles, and who cannot repeat their experiments often enough to obtain any but the most probable results.”
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius:
“Die Energie der Welt ist konstant. Die Entropie der Welt strebt einem Maximum zu. (The energy of the universe is constant. The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum).”
Seth Lloyd:
“Nothing in life is certain except death, taxes and the second law of thermodynamics. All three are processes in which useful or accessible forms of some quantity, such as energy or money, are transformed into useless, inaccessible forms of the same quantity. That is not to say that these three processes don't have fringe benefits: taxes pay for roads and schools; the second law of thermodynamics drives cars, computers and metabolism; and death, at the very least, opens up tenured faculty positions.”
Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington:
“The law that entropy always increases holds, I think, the supreme position among the laws of Nature. If someone points out to you that your pet theory of the universe is in disagreement with Maxwell's equations — then so much the worse for Maxwell's equations. If it is found to be contradicted by observation — well, these experimentalists do bungle things sometimes. But if your theory is found to be against the second law of thermodynamics I can give you no hope; there is nothing for it but to collapse in deepest humiliation.”
Albert Einstein:
“A theory is the more impressive the greater the simplicity of its premises is, the more different kinds of things it relates, and the more extended is its area of applicability. Therefore the deep impression that classical thermodynamics made upon me. It is the only physical theory of universal content concerning which I am convinced that, within the framework of applicability of its basic concepts, it will never be overthrown (for the special attention of those who are skeptics on principle).”
Homer Simpson:
“Lisa! Get in here. In this house, we obey the laws of thermodynamics!”
Crédito: Calamities of Nature (Thermodynamics); veja também: Founders of thermodynamics and suicide.
Informações sobre o curso: bibliografia, calendário de provas, critérios de avaliação e aproveitamento, planejamento do curso
Abono de faltas em aulas e em avaliações: instruções para solicitação
Monitoria: atendimento presencial pelo PAD Mateus Santos Bonadia (m235172@dac.unicamp.br) às segundas-feiras e quartas-feiras na sala LF-33, das 18h às 19h
Notas de aula: arquivo .pdf, aulas 1 e 2 (arquivo .pdf)
Livros para consulta: link para arquivos .pdf e .djvu, requer usuário (seu email na DAC, sem @dac.unicamp.br) e senha (NÃO É a senha da DAC, é a mesma utilizada para acessar as notas de aula e listas de problemas)
Crédito: Abstruse Goose (Alma Mater).
Listas de problemas: lista 1, lista 2, lista 3, lista 4, lista 5, lista 6, lista 7
Problemas extras: extras 1, extras 2
Artigos/textos didáticos:
formas diferenciais exatas e inexatas:
trechos de livros .pdf
expansão isobárica de um gás ideal:
texto .pdf
entropia e segunda lei da termodinâmica:
Phys. Today 53(4), 32 (2000)
sutilezas no cálculo da eficiência de máquinas térmicas:
Am. J. Phys. 62, 558 (1994)
forma diferencial de uma transformada de Legendre multidimensional:
texto .pdf
princípio de Le Châtelier-Braun:
J. Chem. Educ. 34, 375 (1957),
J. Chem. Educ. 86, 514 (2009)
autoprotólise da água e pH:
texto .pdf
leis da termodinâmica para sistemas abertos:
Physica 18, 780 (1952),
Aust. J. Phys. 33, 95 (1980),
J. Chem. Educ. 89, 968 (2012)
redução de derivadas termodinâmicas para sistemas
simples e abertos de um componente:
texto .pdf,
interface do Mathematica
aplicação da equação de Clausius-Clapeyron:
slide .pdf
Gabaritos de provas: prova 1, prova 2, prova 3
Lista de alunos matriculados: histograma de notas e planilha de faltas
Crédito: Artes Depressao; veja também: Me after my thermodynamics exam knowing I have electromagnetism next ...
Crédito: Phd Comics (Grading rubric); veja também: You know you've been grading too long when..., So wrong, We're all doomed, Fifty fifty chance, If only, Grading homeworks.
Crédito: Calamities of Nature (Irreversible); veja também: Demonic encounter, For anyone who's still listening, the definition of entropy is #$%^#$%&&, Entropy, The laws, The second law of thermodynamics, Cleaning goes against entropy and the natural order, Desk entropy, Entropy seminar, Spoilers.